An analogy is a comparison of some thing or concept to another thing or concept used in an effort to help someone understand an idea. A good analogy is one where the things being compared share the same deep structure . As stated in The ABCs of How We Learn , "deep structure refers to the relations among elements"(p2). Although explaining a novel idea to someone through the use of a familiar idea can be immediately helpful in understanding the novel idea at hand, providing someone with two or more examples and having them determine the underlying structure shared by the examples, is extremely powerful for future application of the novel idea. When a learner, presented with two or more examples that somehow relate to the concept she is trying to learn, must sort through the surface features to uncover the deep structure, the learner is more likely to be able to apply the key concept to a new situation. The authors explain, "Seeing two examples helps people appreciate tha...
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